Combinatorial fluorapatite-based scaffolds substituted with strontium, magnesium and silicon ions for mending bone defects

In bone tissue engineering, ionic doping using bone-related minerals such as magnesium (Mg) or strontium (Sr) is a promising strategy to make up for the inherent disadvantages (low solubility) of various apatite-based materials (such fluorapatite (FAp) and hydroxyapatite (HA)). Therefore, some studies in recent years have tried address lack-of-methodology improve properties bioceramics field. Even though outcome has shown promises, influence doped elements on structures in-vitro in-vivo mineralized FAp not been investigated detail so far. Thus, it still an open question mark this work, modified (Sr-FAp), silicon (Mg-SiFAp) were synthesized mechanical alloying methodology. Results showed that could decrease crystallinity (56%) less than 45% 39% Sr-FAp Mg-SiFAp, respectively. Moreover, revealed significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation hMSCs, after 21 days culture, compared Mg-SiFAp at both normal media. Then, vivo formation defect rat femur filled with empty was investigated. Histological analysis increase three weeks implanting defect. These results suggest silicon, ion promotes fluorapatite, making appropriate filling defects.